In this special collaborative episode, Dr. Sara Dong (@swinndong) of Febrile podcast (@febrilepodcast) and Dr. Ghady Haidar (@cleverwebber) join Dr. Erin McCreary (@ErinMcCreary) to discuss all aspects of FUO, including classification, diagnosis, management, and more! Have the fever of unknown origin review article from the February 2022 edition of NEJM (@NEJM) handy to follow along with the group.

References Haidar G, Singh N. Fever of unknown origin. N Engl J Med 2022;386:463-77.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/ Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx

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In this spore-tacular episode of Breakpoints, Drs. Nathan Wiederhold and Kayla Stover (@stoverkr) join Dr. Erin McCreary (@ErinMcCreary) to discuss updates on the antifungal pipeline, offer pearls regarding their place in therapy, and teach us how to pronounce the drug names.

Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/

References

1. Hoenigl M, Sprute R, Egger M, et al. The antifungal pipeline: fosmanogepix, ibrexafungerp, olorofim, opelconazole, and rezafungin. Drugs. 2021;81(15):1703-29.

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Episode Notes

Drs. Ann Falsey, Crystal Hodge (@Howzzeee) and Michael Ison (@MichaelGIsonMD) join Dr. Jillian Hayes (@thejillianhayes) for a review of non-COVID respiratory viruses. Tune in for a review of current epidemiological changes, the vaccine pipeline, and current treatment options. 

This episode was supported by an educational grant from Janssen Therapeutics, Division of Janssen Products, LP.

Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp

References

1. Community-acquired respiratory viruses in transplant patients (PMID 31511250)
2. Clinical Transplantation 2019 special issue on Transplant Infectious Diseases Guidelines: ](https://urldefense.com/v3/https:/onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13990012/2019/33/9;!!OToaGQ!ujpO69U-82gjgidcyi6YshodQ4umKoYBRbC6wcHf-7QtOVoXotlCzZSwBl7eXjGal8O6D5qQIF8k7_GUOsi3weedNyWNXbw$)[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13990012/2019/33/9
3. ECIL-4 Fourth European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL-4): Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Parainfluenza Virus, Metapneumovirus, Rhinovirus, and Coronavirus https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cis844
4. JID RSV Supplements: https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/226/Supplement_1, https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/226/Supplement_2 
5. CID Precision Vaccinology Supplement: https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/75/Supplement_1 
6. Net State of Immunosuppression (PMID 32803228)
7. Inflammatory and Infectious Syndromes Associated With Cancer Immunotherapies (PMID 30520987)
8. Biologic response modifiers (PMID 28263774)
9. Invasive fungal infections and targeted therapies in hematologic malignancies (PMID 34947040)
10. Impact of COVID-19 on Influenza vaccination strategies (PMID 35607766)
11. Zanamivir vs oseltamivir (PMID 35299245)
12. Peramivir vs oseltamivir (PMIDs 33447633, 33006445)
13. FLAGSTONE (PMID 35085510)
14. CAPSTONE-2 (PMID 32526195) 
15. Neuraminidase inhibitor benefits beyond 48 hours (PMID 33434667, 32898685, 24815805, 24268590)
16. Baloxavir for prophylaxis of household contacts (PMID 32640124)
17. Oral ribavirin for RSV in HCT (PMID 30202920)
18. Ribavirin for RSV and human metapneumovirus in HCT (PMID 32162389)
19. DAS181 for parainfluenza virus (PMID 33569576)

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In this spore-tacular episode of Breakpoints, Drs. Anne Gonzales-Luna (@anniejayTX) and Paul Feuerstadt (@DrPaulGastro) join Dr. Rachel Britt (@rachelbpharmd) to discuss the microbiome, its relationship to C. difficile, and the new area of microbiota-based live biotherapeutic products (LBPs).

This podcast was sponsored by an unrestricted medical education grant from Ferring Pharmaceuticals.

Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/

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In the second episode of Breakpoints' Dosing Consult series, Drs. Ryan Crass (@crasspofungin) and Amit Pai (@DosingMatters) join Dr. Jillian Hayes (@thejillianhayes) to break down the 5 Ws and 1 H of linezolid TDM. 

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Bibliography

1. Abdul-Aziz MH, et al. Intensive Care Med. 2020 Jun;46(6):1127-1153. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06050-1. Epub 2020 May 7. PMID: 32383061.
2. Abdul-Aziz MH, et al. Ther Drug Monit. 2022 Feb 1;44(1):19-31. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0000000000000940. PMID: 34750338.
3. Andes D, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002;46(11):3484-3489. doi:10.1128/AAC.46.11.3484-3489.2002. PMID: 12384354.
4. Bandín-Vilar E, et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2022;61(6):789-817. doi:10.1007/s40262-022-01125-2. PMID: 35699914.
5. Boak LM, Rayner CR, Grayson ML, et al. Clinical population pharmacokinetics and toxicodynamics of linezolid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014;58(4):2334-2343. doi:10.1128/AAC.01885-13. PMID: 24514086.  
6. Crass RL, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Jul 25;63(8):e00605-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00605-19. PMID: 31109977.  
7. Cojutti P, et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2018 Aug;57(8):989-1000. doi: 10.1007/s40262-017-0606-5. PMID: 29080937.
8. Dong HY, et al. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014;33(6):1029-1035. doi:10.1007/s10096-013-2041-3. PMID: 24515096. 
9. Matsumoto K, et al. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2014;44(3):242-247. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.05.010. PMID: 25108880. 
10. Meagher AK, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47(2):548-553. doi:10.1128/AAC.47.2.548-553.2003. PMID: 12543657. 
11. Obach RS. Drug Metab Dispos. 2022 Apr;50(4):413-421. doi: 10.1124/dmd.121.000776. PMID: 35042700.
12. Pea F, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Nov;54(11):4605-10. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00177-10. Epub 2010 Aug 23. PMID: 20733043. 
13. Pea F, et al. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Aug;67(8):2034-42. doi: 10.1093/jac/dks153. Epub 2012 May 2. PMID: 22553142.
14. Rao GG, et al. Ther Drug Monit. 2020 Feb;42(1):83-92. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0000000000000710. PMID: 31652190.
15. Rayner CR, et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42(15):1411-23. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200342150-00007. PMID: 14674791.
16. Taubert M, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Aug 22;60(9):5254-61. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00356-16. PMID: 27324768. 
17. Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists | Contagion Live

Laboratories that offer linezolid assay results:

1. Infectious Disease Pharmacokinetics Laboratory (https://idpl.pharmacy.ufl.edu/ )
2. Atlantic Diagnostics Laboratories (https://atlanticdiagnosticlaboratories.com/lab-tests )
3. National Jewish Health PK Laboratory (ttps://www.nationaljewish.org/for-professionals/diagnostic-testing/adx/tests/linezolid,-level)

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In this special LIVE podcast episode, Drs. Emily Heil (@emilylheil) and Erin McCreary (@Erin McCreary) sit down at MAD-ID 2022 (@MAD_ID_ASP) and give a rundown of 36 of some of the best ID papers, abstracts, studies, and other cool stuff from 2021 and early 2022! They cover everything from ECCMID late breakers to gram-negative RCTs to stewardship to fungi (but NOT COVID-19). Listen now!

Handout: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OdYP9WpNGFmslw_G_vTPYF0cJZoxN8jo/view

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/ Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx

References PMIDs

1. IMPRESU: 34620666
2. TARGET: 35106617
3. MERINO-2: 34395716
4. Tazobactam SIDP Insight: 34689349
5. TMP-SMX vs FQ for Steno: 35097154
6. Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor: 35142340
7. Antibiotic Inertia: 34596206
8. Antibiotic Overuse at Discharge: 34554249
9. Pharmacist-Driven TOC: 35536577
10. Tele-stewardship: 34141816
11. MRSA Surveillance Culture: 29340593
12. MRSA Screen Durability: 33788910
13. Antifungal Pipeline: 34626339
14. Antifungal Susceptibility Testing: 347784889
15. Posa vs Vori for Aspergillosis: 33549194
16. AMBITION: 35320642
17. FLAGSTONE: 35085510
18. SOLSTICE: 34864943
19. Probiotics for Primary Prevention: 33972996
20. Probiotics and VAP: 34546300
21. SER-109: 35045228
22. Bayesian vs First-Order Vanc AUC: 35134264
23. Beta-lactam Admin Order: 34606585
24. Candida Endophthalmitis: 34293405
25. FUO Review: 35108471
26. 7 vs 14 Days for Male UTI: 34313686

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Drs. Antonio Oliver (@aoliverp73) and Maggie Monogue (@MaggieMonogue) join Dr. Erin McCreary (@Erin McCreary) to discuss all things Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tune in to learn from some of the best about the complexities of P. aeruginosa resistance, the role of various antibiotics in the management of DTR isolates, and much more!

This podcast was sponsored by an unrestricted medical education grant from Abbvie.

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/ Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx

References Shields RK, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2022;ciac097. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac097.

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Drs. Brian Werth (@bdubrx), Zack Nelson (@zacroBID) and Amy Brotherton (@AmyBrother10) join Dr. Jillian Hayes (@thejillianhayes) to discuss updates in the management of sexually transmitted infections. Listen in for guidance on how doses are selected, practical implementation of guideline changes, and how to discuss these changes with patients.

Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/

References

1. St. Cyr S, et al. Update to CDC’s Treatment Guidelines for Gonococcal Infection, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:1911–1916. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6950a6. 
2. STI treatment guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/default.htm. Published 2021. Accessed May 12, 2022. 
3. National overview – sexually transmitted Disease SURVEILLANCE, 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/std/statistics/2019/overview.htm. Published April 13, 2021. Accessed May 12, 2022.
4. Doan T, et al. N Engl J Med. 2020 Nov 12;383(20):1941-1950. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002606. PMID: 33176084. 
5. Doan T, et al. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jun 6;380(23):2271-2273. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1901535. PMID: 33167060.
6. Kong FYS, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jul 15;59(2):193-205. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu220. PMID: 24729507. 
7. Dombrowski JC, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Sep 7;73(5):842-831. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab153. PMID: 33606009. 
8. Connolly KL, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Feb 26;63(3):e01644-18. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01644-18. PMID: 30642924. 
9. Páez-Canro C, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 25;1(1):CD010871. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010871.pub2. PMID: 30682211. 
10. Dukeres-Muijrers NHTM, et al. Sex Transm Infect. 2021 Mar;97(2):147-151. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054558. Epub 2020 Jul 31. PMID: 32737209.
11. Manavi K, et al. Int J STD AIDS. 2016 Dec;27(14):1303-1308. doi: 10.1177/0956462415614723. Epub 2015 Oct 27. PMID: 26511655. 
12. Chisholm SA, et al. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Oct;65(10):2141-8. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkq289. Epub 2010 Aug 6. PMID: 20693173. 
13. Kastner U, et al. Infection. 2001 Oct;29(5):251-6. doi: 10.1007/s15010-001-1072-3. PMID: 11688901.
14. Dellamonica P. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002 Oct;50(4):614-5. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkf166. PMID: 12356813.
15. Davidson RJ. Infect Drug Resist. 2019 Mar 8;12:585-596. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S187226. PMID: 30881064.
16. Burr LD, et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2022 Apr 19;66(4):e0224621. doi: 10.1128/aac.02246-21. PMID: 35293783.
17. Hepatitis C State of Medicaid Access: https://stateofhepc.org

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Drs. Tom Dilworth and Stephanie Shealy May (@stephshealymay) join Dr. Rachel Britt (@RachelBPharmD) in the first episode of Breakpoints Dosing Consults to discuss questions and debates around ceftriaxone dosing. When should we use 1g over 2g? How does critical illness affect what dose to use? Is ceftriaxone the most approachable antibiotic? Tune in for answers to these questions and more!  

Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/

References

1. Ettestad PJ, Campbell GL, Welbel SF, Genese CA, Spitalny KC, Marchetti CM, Dennis DT. Biliary complications in the treatment of unsubstantiated Lyme disease. J Infect Dis. 1995 Feb;171(2):356-61. doi: 10.1093/infdis/171.2.356. PMID: 7844372.
2. Hasegawa S, Sada R, Yaegashi M, Morimoto K, Mori T; Adult Pneumonia Study Group-Japan. 1g versus 2 g daily intravenous ceftriaxone in the treatment of community onset pneumonia - a propensity score analysis of data from a Japanese multicenter registry. BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Dec 26;19(1):1079. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4552-8. PMID: 31878894; PMCID: PMC6933656.
3. Barber KE, Loper JT, Morrison AR, Stover KR, Wagner JL. Impact of Obesity on Ceftriaxone Efficacy. Diseases. 2020 Jul 9;8(3):27. doi: 10.3390/diseases8030027. PMID: 32660113; PMCID: PMC7563366.
4. Herrera-Hidalgo L, de Alarcón A, López-Cortes LE, Luque-Márquez R, López-Cortes LF, Gutiérrez-Valencia A, Gil-Navarro MV. Is Once-Daily High-Dose Ceftriaxone plus Ampicillin an Alternative for Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis in Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Programs? Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Dec 16;65(1):e02099-20. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02099-20. Erratum in: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 May 18;65(6): PMID: 33046488; PMCID: PMC7927845.
5. Herrera-Hidalgo L, Lomas-Cabezas JM, López-Cortés LE, Luque-Márquez R, López-Cortés LF, Martínez-Marcos FJ, de la Torre-Lima J, Plata-Ciézar A, Hidalgo-Tenorio C, García-López MV, Vinuesa D, Gutiérrez-Valencia A, Gil-Navarro MV, De Alarcón A. Ampicillin Plus Ceftriaxone Combined Therapy for Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis in OPAT. J Clin Med. 2021 Dec 21;11(1):7. doi: 10.3390/jcm11010007. PMID: 35011748; PMCID: PMC8745305.
6. Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I, Reno H, Zenilman JM, Bolan GA. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(4):1-187. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1. PMID: 34292926; PMCID: PMC8344968.
7. Whittles LK, White PJ, Paul J, Didelot X. Epidemiological Trends of Antibiotic Resistant Gonorrhoea in the United Kingdom. Antibiotics (Basel). 2018 Jul 13;7(3):60. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics7030060. PMID: 30011825; PMCID: PMC6165062.
8. Ackerman A, Zook NR, Siegrist JF, Brummitt CF, Cook MM, Dilworth TJ. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes among Intensive Care Unit Patients Receiving One or Two Grams of Ceftriaxone Daily. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 May 21;64(6):e00066-20. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00066-20. PMID: 32205348; PMCID: PMC7269488.
9. Ulldemolins M, Roberts JA, Rello J, Paterson DL, Lipman J. The effects of hypoalbuminaemia on optimizing antibacterial dosing in critically ill patients. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2011 Feb;50(2):99-110. doi: 10.2165/11539220-000000000-00000. PMID: 21142293.
10. Dailly E, Arnould JF, Fraissinet F, Naux E, Letard de la Bouralière MA, Bouquié R, Deslandes G, Jolliet P, Le Floch R. Pharmacokinetics of ertapenem in burns patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2013 Jul;42(1):48-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.02.021. Epub 2013 Apr 8. PMID: 23578794.
11. Pai MP. Treatment of bacterial infections in obese adult patients: how to appropriately manage antimicrobial dosage. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2015 Oct;24:12-7. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.06.004. Epub 2015 Jun 25. PMID: 26119488.
12. Mahmood I. Theoretical versus empirical allometry: Facts behind theories and application to pharmacokinetics. J Pharm Sci. 2010 Jul;99(7):2927-33. doi: 10.1002/jps.22073. PMID: 20127826.
13. Kang N, Housman ST, Nicolau DP. Assessing the Surrogate Susceptibility of Oxacillin and Cefoxitin for Commonly Utilized Parenteral Agents against Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: Focus on Ceftriaxone Discordance between Predictive Susceptibility and in Vivo Exposures. Pathogens. 2015 Jul 30;4(3):599-605. doi: 10.3390/pathogens4030599. PMID: 26264030; PMCID: PMC4584275.
14. Gern BH, Greninger AL, Weissman SJ, Stapp JR, Tao Y, Qin X. Continued in vitro cefazolin susceptibility in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2018 Feb 20;17(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12941-018-0257-x. PMID: 29463249; PMCID: PMC5819674.
15. Bremmer DN, Balada-Llasat JM, Goff DA, Bauer KA. Ceftriaxone Etest non-susceptible methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus time-kill responses. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2017 Jun;88(2):192-194. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2017.02.019. Epub 2017 Mar 2. PMID: 28291629.
16. Kosowska-Shick K, McGhee PL, Appelbaum PC. Affinity of ceftaroline and other beta-lactams for penicillin-binding proteins from Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 May;54(5):1670-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00019-10. Epub 2010 Mar 1. PMID: 20194704; PMCID: PMC2863635.
17. Palmer SM, Kang SL, Cappelletty DM, Rybak MJ. Bactericidal killing activities of cefepime, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone against Staphylococcus aureus and beta-lactamase-producing strains of Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae in an in vitro infection model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Aug;39(8):1764-71. doi: 10.1128/AAC.39.8.1764. PMID: 7486916; PMCID: PMC162823.
18. Craig WA. Interrelationship between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in determining dosage regimens for broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995 May-Jun;22(1-2):89-96. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(95)00053-d. PMID: 7587056.
19. Garot D, Respaud R, Lanotte P, Simon N, Mercier E, Ehrmann S, Perrotin D, Dequin PF, Le Guellec C. Population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in critically ill septic patients: a reappraisal. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;72(5):758-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04005.x. PMID: 21545483; PMCID: PMC3243010.
20. Joynt GM, Lipman J, Gomersall CD, Young RJ, Wong EL, Gin T. The pharmacokinetics of once-daily dosing of ceftriaxone in critically ill patients. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001 Apr;47(4):421-9. doi: 10.1093/jac/47.4.421. PMID: 11266414.
21. Van Wart SA et al., ICAAC 2009, poster # A1-010
22. Housman ST, Sutherland CA, Nicolau DP. Pharmacodynamic profile of commonly utilised parenteral therapies against meticillin-susceptible and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus collected from US hospitals. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2014 Sep;44(3):235-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.05.012. Epub 2014 Jun 24. PMID: 25052866.
23. Zelenitsky SA, Beahm NP, Iacovides H, Ariano RE, Zhanel G. Limitations of ceftriaxone compared with cefazolin against MSSA: an integrated pharmacodynamic analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018 Jul 1;73(7):1888-1894. doi: 10.1093/jac/dky120. PMID: 29635472.
24. Paul M, Zemer-Wassercug N, Talker O, Lishtzinsky Y, Lev B, Samra Z, Leibovici L, Bishara J. Are all beta-lactams similarly effective in the treatment of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia? Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011 Oct;17(10):1581-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03425.x. Epub 2010 Dec 14. PMID: 21073629.
25. Carr DR, Stiefel U, Bonomo RA, Burant CJ, Sims SV. A Comparison of Cefazolin Versus Ceftriaxone for the Treatment of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in a Tertiary Care VA Medical Center. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018 May 18;5(5):ofy089. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy089. PMID: 30568987; PMCID: PMC5961173.

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Drs. Kate DeSear (@IDPharmD_Kate) and Frank Tverdek (@FTverdek) join Dr. Julie Ann Justo (@julie_justo) to discuss the practice of empiric escalation in this episode of our gram-negative resistance series. Listen in for encouragement on following your intuition and tips on how, when, and why to practice this other side of antimicrobial stewardship.

Learn more about the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists: https://sidp.org/About Twitter: @SIDPharm (https://twitter.com/SIDPharm) Instagram: @SIDPharm (https://www.instagram.com/sidpharm/) Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sidprx LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sidp/

References

• Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Access Our Free Resources: M100 and M60. Accessed at https://clsi.org/standards/products/free-resources/access-our-free-resources/
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